Indirect lighting



P. Ross INDIRECT LGHTING Filed Aug. 21

V57 als G Patented @et 23, 1923.,

STATES earns-ir ortica;

INDIRECT LIGHTING.

Application led August 21, 1922. Serial No. 583,309.

To aZZ whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, PERCY Ross, a subject of the King of Great Britain, and a resident of Liverpool, England, have invented certain new and useful improvements in and Relating to Indirect Lighting', of which the following is a specification.

rlhis invention relates to improvements in indirect lighting, that is to say, in which the illumination is entirely obtained by means of reflected light. rlhe object of the invention is to give a better dispersion of the light and at the same time, when usedfor indoor lighting, to make the illumination such that/rooms of different size and shape may be fully illuminated.

According to this invention, the source of light is mounted within a reflector which directs the light upward, a series of adjustable defle'ctor reflecting surfaces being provided just above the reector by means of which the cone of issuing light may be cut off' or masked so that it shall just cover the ceiling or other desired part of the room or the like. The lower reflector may be adjustable or fixed and may be spherical or made up of a series of annular surfaces angularly inclined with respect one to another, the inclined annular surfaces in section following substantially a curve or an approximation to a curve. Means may be provided for ad justing the source of light relatively to the reflector, and the reflector relatively to the deflectors. The source of light is preferably an electric lamp the filament of which is in a horizontal plane, and the reflector and detlectors together with the lamp may be mounted in a standard or chain sling, or on any other suitable support such that the total light is thrown on to the ceiling of the room in an even diffusion. Where the system is to be used for outdoor illumination an artificial ceiling or reflector is mounted above the reflector and deflector. 1n other arrangements of indirect lighting where gas filled lamps are used, the lamp is suspended so that its bulb is beneath and the socket above, and it is found in such arrangements that owing to the intense heat accumulating in the socket the contact terminals of` the lamp neck are apt to fuse. To avoid this, gas filled lamps are sometimes made with longer necks but in the present invention the lamp is mounted, in an linverted. positien,

tical section through a lamp of the sus-v pended type, Fig. 2 being a plan of the rsflector and deflectors but with the outer casing and the lamp removed, Fig. 3. being fragmentary end view of the dellectors and their support frame, while Fig. 4 is a sectional plan of the tubular element of the reilector and lamp neck showing the means lfor air circulation.

1n carrying out the invention the electric lamp 1 is mounted so that it throws an upward unobstructed beam towards the ceiling, the lamp socket 2 for this purpose being disposed below. The lamp is mounted within a reflector 3 which may be made of a series of angularly inclined surfaces but is i preferably in the form of a hemispherical or like bowl, as shown, carried from a tub-ular element 4f. The tubular element l is slidably mounted in a collar 5 fiXedly carried from the outer enclosing casing 6, a lower collar 7 being fixed on the tubular element and a series of screws 8 passing through the lower collar 7 being threaded in the upper collar 5, so that by mea-ns of these screws the position of the reflector relatively to the outer casing 6 may be adjusted. The outer casing 6 may be suspended by chains or the like 9. Carried upon arms 10 from the collar 5 fixed to the casing 6 is a table or plate 11 which normally is located as shown round the upper rim of the deflector 3, and from this table are carried side rods 12 upon which are pivotally mounted the longer side deflectors 13. These deilectors are connected by bolts 14 to brackets 15 which may be set and adjusted angularly and also longitudinally on the side rods 12 so that, as shownv in Fig. 3. the deflectors 13 may be set at any desired angle and then secured by the screws 16 on the rods and, further, by reasonof the slot in the bracket 15 these side deflectors may be adjusted vertically on their brackets 15. The end deflectors 17 are somewhat similarly carried. from brackets 18. ln

the plate 11 at the ends are cut slots 19, the end deflectors 17 being supported upon the brackets which are slotted at 2O transversely to the slots 19 in the plate 11 and held loy| screws 21 so that in this way in addition to adjustment of these end deflectors to or from each other they may be angularly adjusted aboutetheir connections in the slots as shown dotted to the right in Fig. 2, so as to cause the issuing cone or pyramid of light to be accommodated to any non-rectangular shape of room which has to be lighted. Similarly the transverse slots 20 in the brackets permit .lateral movement of these end deflectors.

With such an arrangement the four deflectors may be adjusted to cut off the light rays so as just properly to illuminate the ceiling of any shaped room rectangular or otherwise, and in this way a proper dillusion obtained. In order further to ensure that the issuing' beams of light may completely cover the ceiling, `in the case where such ceiling.

may have one or more hays or recesses, the deflectorsm'ay be made compound so that a portion or portionsof each side deflector may be set ai; a differentangrle from the remainder of the deflector and thus permit the light to extend when required into any recess of the ceiling.

rl`he lamp 1 itself is adjustable relatively to the reflector 3 by carrying' its socket upon a disc 22.` spider,'or the like, arms 23 on which slide within the throat of the tube 4 and are provided with a `tripping screw 24 passing through slots in the tube 4 sothat by movingthe lamp socket 2 up or down and tightening the gripping screws the lamp may be set at any desired position relatively to the reflector 3. In order to keep the contact terminals oli the lamp as cool as possible,v it is -proposed to form two series of holes 25, 26, in the lamp socket 'i through the lower of which 26 the cool air enters, lthe heated air vpassing out through the upper series 25 and in this way a continuous circulation of cool air through the lamp socket is obtained. For this purpose also side apertures 27. Fig. 4, are formed in the disc or spider which carries the lamp socket 2 permitting an uninterrupted upward flow of cool air through the fitting Y which mingles with the heated air issuing from apertures 25 in the lamp 'socket and cools the same before it rises against the lampy bulb 1. In this way any overheating of" the lamp contact terminals, which in other arrangements results in the fusing of the-solder blobs, is entirely eliminated. Additional. air inlets28 may be provided in the reectorftube above the lamp socket forthe purpose otgcooling the whole device. The tube 4 and its adjusting; means may be en- :clos'ed within a smallpendant casingi 29, in

the base of which a series of apertures 30 are conditions. Y

shown and is connected up to the lamp socket. Y

By means of an'inverted system of` lighting' such as described-all the light in the upper hemisphere of the lamp globe. is utilized, the reflector being so designed as to enable an even dispersion of light being maintained by turning4 to the best advantage all the remaining` light in the lower hemisphere of the lamp which is thown upwardly by the reflector. A further advantage accruing from the pivotal deflectors varises from the fact that owing' tothe control of the angle oit' cut oil any otherwise waste illumination can be saved, such illumination beingv reflected from the vdeflectors and giving balance to the illumination as awhole.

-V The resulting light is of lsoft and pure quality free from glare and shadows and enables objects such as pictures, printing; etc., to be viewed under the most advantageous I claim: v

1. Indirect lighting apparatus, comprising an inverted electric lamp, a 'reflector' roundthe lamp, a guide tube depending from the reflector,an element slidable inthe tube and carrying the lamp, means'for aidjusting the lamp relatively to the reflector, and adjustable deflector reflecting surfaces above the reflector by which thecone of light issuing` from the lamp and reflector may he so masked as just to illuminate the ceiling or upper part of rooms of varying shapes.

2. Indirec't'ligrhting apparatus, comprising, an inverted electric lamp, a' reflector.l

round the lamp, means for adjusting the lamp relatively to-fthe'reflectorl, and adjustable deflec'tor reflecting surfaces above the reflector by which the cone of light issuing from the rlamp and reflectorv may be so masked as just to' illuminate the ceiling or upper part of rooms of varying shapes, and

.means for adjusting; the lamp and -reilector relatively to the deectors. V 3. Indirect lighting apparatus, comprising, an inverted electric lamp,'a reflector fromV the reflector, an outer casing, acollar round the lamp, a guide. tube depending elementV on theouter casing, adjusting screws connected to the guide tube and engagging the collar, a plate carried from'the collar, and deflectors mounted onV the platey so as to be angularly and laterally adjustable to vary the shape of the issuinggfbeaml of light. f i V4. Indirect lighting apparatus, comprising, an invertedy electric lamp having its lamp neck bcneath, a;V reflector round; the lamp, a guide .tube depending from' the reflector, an element slidabley in the tubeto which the lamp neck is seeufed, apertures in to illuminate the ceiling or upper part of the lamp neck, apertures in the slldable elerooms of varying shapes. 10 ment, and apertures 1n the guide tube for In testimony 'Whereol affix my signature permitting air currents to pass in order t0 in presence of two Witnesses.

- cool the lmnp neck, and adjustable deflector PERCY ROSS.

reflecting Surfaces, above the reflector, by Witnesses: which the cone of light issuing from the A. J. DAvIEs, lamp and reflector may be so` masked as just J. C. MCRAE. 

